The Mursi (or Murzu) are a nomadic cattle herder ethnic group located in the Debub Omo Zone of the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region in Ethiopia, close to the Sudanese border. According to the 2007 national census, there are 7,500 Mursi, 448 of whom live in urban areas, of the total number 92.25% live in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region (SNNPR).
Surrounded by mountains between the Omo River and its tributary the Mago, the home of the Mursi is one of the most isolated regions of the country. Their neighbors include the Aari, the Banna, the Bodi, the Kara, the Kwegu, the Me'en the Nyangatom and the Suri. They are grouped together with the Me'en and Suri by the Ethiopian government under the name Surma.
The Mursi have their own language, also called Mursi, which is classified as one of the Surmic languages; it is closely related (over 80% cognate) to Me'en and Suri, as well as Kwegu. According to the 1994 national census, there were 3,163 people who were identified as Mursi in the SNNPR; 3,158 spoke Mursi as their first language, while 31 spoke it as their second language. According to the analytical volume of the 1994 national census, where Mursi was grouped under Me'en, 89.7% were monolingual, and the second languages spoken were Bench (4.2%), Amharic, the official language of Ethiopia (3.5%), and Kafa (1.1%).
Two orthographies for the Mursi language exist, one Amharic-based and the other Latin-based. The former was developed by members of the missionary organization Serving In Mission, who have worked amongst the Mursi at Maki since 1987. The Latin-based orthography was developed by Moges Yigezu of Addis Ababa University.
The religion of the Mursi people is classified as Animism, although about 15% are Christians. The 1994 census reported that 97% of the Mursi were illiterate.
The Mursi women are famous for wearing plates in their lower lips. These lip discs are made of clay. Girls are pierced at the age of 15 or 16. Similar body ornaments are worn by both sexes of the Suyá people, a Brazilian tribe.
The African Parks Foundation and government park officials are accused of coercing Mursi into giving up their land within the boundaries of the Omo National Park without compensation. The documents are being used to legalize the boundaries of the park, which African Parks has taken over.
A group called "Native Solutions to Conservation Refugees" says that the documents will make the Mursi 'illegal squatters' on their own land and that a similar fate is befalling the Suri Cruz, Dizi, Me'en, and Nyangatom, who also live within the park. After the African Parks Foundation took over Nechisar National Park, the Mursi were evicted and 463 houses were burned down on November 25, 2005.
The Mursi have declared their territory a community conservation area as of July, 2008 and have begun a community tourism project.
(source : WIKIPEDIA)
Pranay Suresh, Lakshmi Lavanya, Jan Pepijn Servaas and 3 others like this.
Cisca Zarmansyah : Inspired by Valentino Vie: too sexy for my lips
Adriaan Zef : shut up!
Cisca Zarmansyah : ehehhehee... I can't!
Almira Izzati : ..
cutie, how can they restore their original lips? Adriaan Zef : Honey, I feel sick!
Cisca Zarmansyah : I'm sorry, BB.... mmmmmwahh....
it's wrong if you think they are smelly. This is their uniqueness. Their body odor is very specific, because they are always rubbing themselves, especially as the protection of all parasites.Adriaan Zef : Ok then, I'll follow your thoughts. They're beautiful!
... 
Cisca Zarmansyah : Yes, why not? Each country has different cultures. In the beauty of each women, every country has its own assessment about it.
Almira Izzati : How to distinguish between male and female? Their faces all look the same.
Almira Izzati : children, adult, men and women, all looked the same. Bald!
Cisca Zarmansyah : On her lips, Izti. This is a tradition for women. Woman with the most wide lips will look more beautiful in the eyes of men among them.
Cisca Zarmansyah : Just as the Dayak tribe who has a tradition to elongate the women's ears. Woman with the longest ears and a lot of pendulum in her ears was the prettiest. Likewise the women of the Paudang tribe in Thailand with their long necks because using copper neck rings.
Almira Izzati : Thanks for sharing
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Flashback
NIΫΛMGIЯI [HQ]
by Cisca Zarmansyah (videos)
16:39
Blue Aliens? No. This is a tribe of Orissa.
They are the indigenous people who fight to defend their land against mining interests that threaten their homes, culture and sacred god. Sounds familiar? No, they are not blue-skinned foreigners and this is not the plot for the Avatar movie blockbuster. On the contrary, it is a real life story of Dongria Kondhs, a tribe of about 8,000 people in Orissa. Many of those protesting the plan of mining giant Vedanta Resources and its subsidiary Sterlite Industries to mine bauxite in Niyamgiri Hill, which they worship as Ancestral Gods, or Gramatadevata.
In an ad in Monday's edition of the film industry magazine Variety, Survival International appealed to the director of "Avatar" (James Cameron) on behalf of Dongria Kondhs. "Avatar is fantasy ... and real," read the ad. "We have been watching your movie - now watch us," it said, with a link to the Survival's film "Mine: A story of sacred mountain", narrated by British actress Joanna Lumley. (Watch here : http://www.survivalinternational.org/films/mine)
Director of Survival International, Stephen Corry said, "Just as (Na'vi Avatar) Pandora forest describes as " everything changed ", to Kondh Dongria, life and the land is always very connected. The story of fundamental Avatar - if you take a multi-color lemurs, horses long-trunked and androids horse war - is being played today in the hills of Niyamgiri. "
Related Info :
■ http://www.vedantaresources.com/
■ http://www.thehindu.com/news/article841016.ece
■ http://intercontinentalcry.org/india-rejects-controversial-mine-project-on-sacred-mountain/
■ http://www.survivalinternational.org/news/6948
■ http://www.actionaid.org/main.aspx?PageID=1423
■ http://www.cathnewsindia.com/2010/02/09/church-welcomes-vedanta-share-sale/
■ http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/Interviews/Vedanta-hurt-by-Church-of-England-decision-to-sell-stake/articleshow/5546743.cms
Pranay Suresh, Valentino Vie, CieL- FreYa Ceastle and 2 others like this.
Almira Izzati : "In every Indigenous community I’ve been in, they absolutely do want community infrastructure and they do want development, but they want it on their own terms. They want to be able to use their national resources and their assets in a way that protects and sustains them. Our territories are our wealth, the major assets we have. And Indigenous people use and steward this property so that they can achieve and maintain a livelihood, and achieve and maintain that same livelihood for future generations." -- REBECCA ADAMSON :: http://www.betterworld.net/quotes/indigenous-quotes.htm
CieL- FreYa Ceastle : Welcome to the realm of your mind which fertile with ideas of humanity and peace. Let me guess it! and I think that's always interesting to you: CASTE!
Cisca Zarmansyah : Sure! Always. Forever. Read here, Jan : http://www.india-server.com/news/nirupamas-death-a-love-betrayal-or-25746.html.... In a region already under threat by the Maoists, as the proverb says, "Waiting for the lighted". See also the application of laws designed to prevent the persecution of low caste citizens and tribe citizens : http://www.ucanews.com/2011/01/24/orissa-silent-on-dalit-tribal-persecution/
Nirupama's Death A Love Betrayal Or Family Betrayal-Mystery Shrouds
Last Updated: 2010-05-05T08:17:17+05:30
However, though Nirupama Pathak's mother is arrested in account of her death suspicion as she was the lone person available in the house and post mortem reports reflected it to be a murder case after close examination over her scars on her body.
She was reported to have come to Jharkhand on the note of her mother's illness but was found dead in mysterious condition at her home and was discovered to be pregnant from her lover who states he is unaware about the fact.
Quite strange they are sure to get married against parents' objection but have not disclosed pregnancy to each other, Priyabhansu Ranjan the boy friend of Nirupama revealed, "When we got jobs, we decided to marry. I wasn't aware she was pregnant; she never told me this."
Priyabhansu was in touch with Nirupama since June 29, 2008 and works for a Hindi news agency in Delhi who is convinced that some other persons are also involved with her mother in her death stated, "She left Delhi about 10 days before her death hearing of her mother's illness. I received her last message around 6am on March 29, hours before her death, asking me not to worry as she would return soon even if her parents resisted. My being a caste lower than theirs was the biggest hurdle to our marriage."
It might be due to the conflict of caste clash that family strongly resented, Kumar his friend added, "The fact that her boyfriend, Priyabhansu Ranjan, was from a caste lower than Nirupama's caused a lot of resentment among the Pathaks."
The 22 year old journalist Nirupama, who worked in a financial daily in Delhi was relevantly very much in love who even kept her pregnancy concealed to such a extent that even for months her partner was not aware of her pregnancy and when her family member caught her she must have been slewed to death, SP (Koderma) Kranti Kumar informed, "Prima facie, there are indications that family pride was the prime motive behind the murder. Shubha, was the only person at home when the death took place. Her husband Dharmendra Pathak, a banker posted in Gonda, UP, wasn't at home at the time of Nirupama's death. What led the cops to suspect Shubha was that while she first said Nirupama had died of electrocution, she later said she had hung herself. The post-mortem report revealed she was smothered to death."
SP Kumar added, "All this goes as circumstantial evidence against her. Dharmendra and other family members are still being interrogated as possible "conspirators" in the crime and have been told not to leave Koderma. Among others are Nirupama's two brothers, one an Income Tax inspector in Mumbai and the other pursuing a PhD in Hyderabad. Neither were, according to Koderma Police, in Jhumari Tilaiya at the time of Nirupama's death."
On account of mislead information by Shubha, police officer Chandrashekar stated, "The mother said Nirupama hung herself. But we found no rope. Also, the height of the ceiling fan could not convince us about the mother's claims."
*****
Orissa "silent" on dalit, tribal persecution
Lawmakers accuse state government of failing to protect minority groups
Ajay Kumar Singh, Bhubaneswar
India
January 24, 2011
Catholic Church News Image of Orissa "silent" on dalit, tribal persecution
Indian church leaders at a sit-in demonstration in New Delhi for Dalit Christians" rights (File photo)
Several legislators in Orissa have accused the state government of failing to implement laws designed to prevent the persecution of low caste and tribal people.
Perpetrators in Orissa go unpunished because the state government is not serious in implementing the federal laws, said Bhajaman Behera, an independent legislator.
Behera was among eight members of the Orissa legislative assembly who met with civil rights activists on Jan. 20 in Bhubaneswar, the state capital.
Behera told the activists to document all crimes to help legislators take the matter up in the assembly and force the government to take appropriate steps.
The federal government has enacted two laws to help dalit and tribal people. A 1955 law banned the practice of treating people as untouchables and another passed in 1989 was aimed at preventing violent crimes against these communities.
Praful Maji, another legislator, told the meeting that the Orissa government has no intention of eliminating the caste system because it wants to keep its supporter base intact.
Dalit and tribal people are being “humiliated” as the government continues to ignore them, added Maji, who represents tribal-dominated Sundergarh.
Amit Kumar Nayak, a rights activist said Orissa is the "most backward" state in India with dalit and tribal people comprising 40 percent of its people.
The administration has acknowledged that 19 of the state’s 30 districts are "prone to persecution," he noted.
Another activist, Pradeep Nayak (no relation), said Orissa recorded 6,694 acts of persecution against dalit and tribal people between 1995-2007, but the courts only dealt with 734 cases, with a conviction rate of 11.3 percent.
*****
Adriaan Zef : Rahul Gandhi welcomed with joy over the victory of native tribes against Vedanta.
Cisca Zarmansyah:
Zef, he doesn't look like a bollywood actress. (Diplomatic cable, dated August 3, 2009 :: Hindu extremists more dangerous than Islamic militants ::)Pranay Suresh :
Yeah... he referred to the tension created by some BJP leaders in the body polarization.Adriaan Zef : To you, Pranay "New DelhiKashmir" Suresh, what were the views shared by the congress leaders with Roemer?
Pranay Suresh : You know it, dude
Valentino Vie : Yow...! I love the Avatar movie, especially when ultimately Jake must choose the side where he must fight.
ѕтσяу σƒ α ѕα¢яєd мσυηтαιη [HQ]
by Cisca Zarmansyah (videos)
10:59
The state is an institution, that is a consequence of the society evolution, an organization of which overlap with the kinship's institutions in a simple society in the past. Furthermore, the isolated primitive societies may not like in the past, so that now no longer "more authentic" or "more pure" than our society today.
The anthropologists have been attempting to lift the cases at micro level as reflected in the primitive society of small-scale, small population, living in an relatively isolated environment, and has a relatively homogeneous culture, to the macro level of abstraction, so they can explain the same phenomenon in various places in the world. Even so, this effort is not easily realized, especially when anthropologists today's increasingly tend to like diversity constructivist thinking in the paradigm that is now developing, as the paradigm of cultural relativism rooted in the anthropological tradition of the past gets a new place today.
*****
You, Fairuz Azalia, Valentino Vie, Adriaan Zef and 2 others like this.
Pranay Suresh : Memsahib, I think we don't need to distinguish between "ethnic" (Tribes), "ethnic group", and "nation", because the difference is only in size, not the structural composition or function.
Pranay Suresh : Taniyamsam pamsum tava carana-pankeruha-bhavam. Virincih sanchinvan virachayati lokan avikalam. Vahaty evam Shaurih katham api sahasrena shirasaam. Harah samksudy'ainam bhajati bhajati bhasito'ddhalama-vidhim." .... ^_^ I quote this spell for you
CieL- FreYa Ceastle : In the terminology of today, while difficult to maintain the homogeneity argument, the distinction of race and ethnic categories become increasingly important, because of its relationship with the modern state.
Furthermore, a country filled with ethnic categories now become increasingly rare. In other words, an anthropological perspective to be essential for a nationalism comprehensive of understanding. A focus on analytical and empirical research on nationalism in the modernization and social change is important and highly relevant to the broader research field of political anthropology, as well as research on social identity.
Adriaan Zef :
.... My dear, talk about topics such as nationalism and multiculturalism in your email is still a posteriori, because some concepts should be addressed before discussing the issue, at least about the ethnic, ethnicity, nation, nation-state and nationality. As we know, the Anthropological studies on ethnicity focuses on inter-group relations that are considered have "such measures", making it possible to study through traditional field research involved observation, personal interviews, and surveys in a certain sense. Empirical focus of anthropological study is almost a study of local communities.If the countries are discussed in this case, they are issued as part of a broader context, such as "foreign agents" (external agent) that affect local conditions. In addition, the anthropology of the past is often biased towards the study of "the others". Terms such as "primitive society", "not a civilized society", "simple people" and others clearly shows how the Western anthropologists in the late 19th until mid 20th century consider and mention the foreign community ("the others") which encountered in the field.
Almira Izzati : this video makes me feel too diligent in shower and wear my shoes...
Adriaan Zef
► http://fulani.tribe.net/
You, Almira Izzati, CieL- FreYa Ceastle and Valentino Vie like this.
Adriaan Zef : November 23, 2010 - Cabinet Niger on Friday suspended the expulsion of thousands of Mohamid Arabs back to Chad after neighboring countries intervened to ask the delay, said the transportation minister.
West African government on Tuesday announced to expel nomadic Arabs, who sought refuge in Niger due to drought and war in Chad in the 1980s, but the decision sparked the tensions between the country's Arab community.
"The government decided to delay its implementation," said Transportation Minister Oumarou Hadari told Reuters after a cabinet meeting, "There is a friendly interference from neighboring state."
Hundreds of thousands of Niger citizens lived in other countries throughout the region, many of them in Arab's dominated countries, such as Algeria, Libya or Sudan.
Niger government previously said it was a pure movement to quell the dark's coming and denied that Arab tribes were targeted.
The government estimated only about 3,000 Arab Mohamid who lived without a residence permit in Niger, but community leaders claimed it tens of thousands of nomads, and local government officials mentioned the numbers reached 150,000.
Niger accused Arab Mohamid has a dark weapon, and it became a threat to security community.
He said his camels drained the water reserve, and this was a major cause of tension, because the springs Sahel suffered severe drought, triggering a dispute between the herdsmen with farmers.
Hadari said the government in Niamey sent a mission to southeastern of Diffa region on Friday to meet with Mohamid community leaders.
In a few days later, security forces launched the raids from house to house and looking for the travelers without proper identification, which was then taken to a city near the border of Chad Kebelewa. "They were cast out," an army source said.
The expulsion of Arabs back to Chad was originally planned to begin in coming weeks, said the source.
Political commentators warned the expulsion could destabilize Chad, which has long suffered a rebellion in the east, surged again on this weekend.
On Thursday, France's foreign ministry spokesman said that Niger change its decision to expel tens of thousands of Bedouin Arabs Mohamid to Chad, telling to its foreign diplomats that the number was "only" be about 4,000 people.
"According to the Niger government, the amount of approximately 4,000 people," Jean-Baptiste Mattei said in Paris, who added that French government was very wary of the impact of region's shakiness.
Tens of thousands of Arabs Mohamid largely moved from Chad, which neighboring and gathered in Diffa in southeastern of Niger and accused of being a threat to local people, because they often clashed about the source of water.
Officials from Niamey, who asked not to be named, said the amount which would be expelled in army convoy reached 100,000 people, while other officials said the numbers was between 50,000 to 150,000 people.
Niger's Foreign Minister Aichatou Mindaoudou gave its details and amount in a Wednesday meeting with French ambassador to Niamey and other members of diplomatic corps, said Mattei.
Initially, the Mohamid community was mostly located in Chad, where President Idriss Deby Itno ( supported by France) faced a revolt in the east. Chad Government asked for Niamey to reconsider its decision.
The number of Mohamid Arabs in southeastern of Niger swelled when the dispute after 1970's and due to unrest in Sudan's western border with Chad, but the census was not done
***
(AZ- CZ/11210/LA)
Adriaan Zef : I forgot to type a punctuation at the end of my sentence. Please add in accordance with your emphasis. You want an exclamation point or it is enough to end with a point, it's up to you.
Adriaan Zef : http://www.terragalleria.com/pictures-subjects/arab-bedouin-people/
Adriaan Zef
I discovered who wore the trousers.
■ http://www.worldpolicy.org/blo
■ http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/
■ http://www.thetruthpursuit.com
diFFa aRaBs [HQ]
by Cisca Zarmansyah (videos)
9:47
► http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=34719
Fairuz Azalia, CieL- FreYa Ceastle and 2 others like this.
Valentino Vie : Qu'est-il arrivé au Nigeria n'est pas vraiment très différent de l'autre pays islamiques. Son naturel riche mais le peuple souffre. La raison en est l'application du système du capitalisme dans ces pays qui est un héritage d'être appliquées par leurs colonisateurs. Dans le domaine économique, le système capitaliste a invité les investissements étrangers en provenance de pays capitaliste avec un prétexte pour construire un pays nouvellement indépendant. Non seulement cela, ils ont également accordé des allégements de la dette pour les mêmes raisons: pour le développement. En fait, la dette extérieure d'investissement et à l'étranger est un outil de pays riches de prendre au piège le pays nouvellement indépendant.
Valentino Vie : baby, I don't get bored watching this video. Let's go there for the passion of our delayed honeymoon...
Cisca Zarmansyah: I think it's too much, Noy. There is your honey, there is your moon, there is our passion and there is their suffering. There is us. Do you really want to see rainbow in my eyes? Or you mean it.
Adriaan Zef : a diffa lady in my arms. Yups! it's more realistic to me ...
Valentino Vie : Oui. Et je le pense, chère... ça ne coûte pas haha
Valentino Vie : #Loading...# Cisca Zarmansyah Indeed, if we want to know how to swim then we must get into the water and learn to swim in the water, because we won't be able to swim just by reading a guide book to swim or to read the swimmer mind. I do, Jan. I swim in the pool, at the sea, in the rivers, but I've never swum across the river of concerns like this, and where it empties...? 8 hours ago· Like Unlike? Yes baby, I like it very much. All my thumbs for you.
You say you want to know what poverty is. Let's learn about it from them. Maybe we'll think poverty is just a tourist attraction, and we can go home with memories of poverty, ... never mind. This initiative is still better than we close our eyes, mouth and ears of their existence. We can set aside a combined income from you and me to them, why not?
You say you want to get married, let's get married. You say you want to know what love is. Let's make love. You say you want to know what the honey is, what the moon is, and what the poverty is.
Can't you see that? This situation is so perfect! In our honeymoon... there's our love, ... then we make love with mass poverty around us and ... exclusive passion of us, which tremble all over our bodies and fill the entire space in our hearts.
There's a moon under Diffa, in the twilight charm, ... and we warmly hugged each other... Golly!, is there any other heaven for a man than winning the love of his woman?
Cisca Zarmansyah : Maintenant qui est-ce qui va être mon rêve? Je vivrai sans toi et toi sans moi, d'autres viendront entre nous deux. D'autres vont venir, tu sais que c'est vrai, souvenirs viendront l'effacer. Je me dis que ça ne se peut pas que c'est un rêve malheureux. Olalala cher! je chante sous la pluie.... # loading....# eehhhehe
Valentino Vie: J'aime mon épouse et c'est vous. Non, ma chère. Ce n'est pas un rêve. Je pense que je vais vous prendre.
Valentino Vie : baby, I don't get bored watching this video. Let's go there for the passion of our delayed honeymoon...
Cisca Zarmansyah: I think it's too much, Noy. There is your honey, there is your moon, there is our passion and there is their suffering. There is us. Do you really want to see rainbow in my eyes? Or you mean it.
Adriaan Zef : a diffa lady in my arms. Yups! it's more realistic to me ...
Valentino Vie : Oui. Et je le pense, chère... ça ne coûte pas haha
Valentino Vie : #Loading...# Cisca Zarmansyah Indeed, if we want to know how to swim then we must get into the water and learn to swim in the water, because we won't be able to swim just by reading a guide book to swim or to read the swimmer mind. I do, Jan. I swim in the pool, at the sea, in the rivers, but I've never swum across the river of concerns like this, and where it empties...? 8 hours ago· Like Unlike? Yes baby, I like it very much. All my thumbs for you.
You say you want to know what poverty is. Let's learn about it from them. Maybe we'll think poverty is just a tourist attraction, and we can go home with memories of poverty, ... never mind. This initiative is still better than we close our eyes, mouth and ears of their existence. We can set aside a combined income from you and me to them, why not?
You say you want to get married, let's get married. You say you want to know what love is. Let's make love. You say you want to know what the honey is, what the moon is, and what the poverty is.
Can't you see that? This situation is so perfect! In our honeymoon... there's our love, ... then we make love with mass poverty around us and ... exclusive passion of us, which tremble all over our bodies and fill the entire space in our hearts.
There's a moon under Diffa, in the twilight charm, ... and we warmly hugged each other... Golly!, is there any other heaven for a man than winning the love of his woman?
Cisca Zarmansyah : Maintenant qui est-ce qui va être mon rêve? Je vivrai sans toi et toi sans moi, d'autres viendront entre nous deux. D'autres vont venir, tu sais que c'est vrai, souvenirs viendront l'effacer. Je me dis que ça ne se peut pas que c'est un rêve malheureux. Olalala cher! je chante sous la pluie.... # loading....# eehhhehe
Valentino Vie: J'aime mon épouse et c'est vous. Non, ma chère. Ce n'est pas un rêve. Je pense que je vais vous prendre.
You and Valentino Vie like this.
Valentino Vie : Prions Dieu le créateur tout-puissant. Que le bonheur soit transformé afin que nos vies s'en aller avec l'espoir. Ne jamais abandonner, parce que si nous abandonnons, nous tuer l'espoir. Mon amour, si nous voulons combler de bonheur, nous croyons qu'il ya toujours de l'espoir.
Cisca Zarmansyah : Je suis le plongeur qui voit au cœur de la mer. Eau secret C'est mon secret ses paroles de mon propre. Je fais l'amour avec des vagues d'eau de mes yeux larme d'eau de mer. Je suis le plongeur qui voit au cœur de la mer. Vagues qui laissent. Laissez à travers mes yeux, ceux de retour qui. Retour à mon coeur problème, de la mer est mon problème. Je suis le plongeur qui voit au cœur de la mer. La chanson de la mer, C'est ma chanson, son murmure ma musique. Ses récifs entourent mon cœur ses vagues, perdu dans mes yeux. Je suis le plongeur qui voit au cœur de la mer.
Valentino Vie : If the hyena eats the sick man, he will eat the whole one. (SWAHILI Proverbs)
www.bbc.co.uk
The history of the continent from an African perspective. With hundreds of pages, and multi-media, the BBC investigates the events and characters that have made African history from the origins of humankind to the end of South African apartheid.
www.swahilionline.com
www.fsi-language-courses.org
Public domain versions of language courses from the Foreign Service Institute.
www.lmp.ucla.edu
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